Did the prophet of Islam perform any miracles? No. None.
There is no evidence that Allah has ever performed
miracles; rather, the Quran recounts stories of miracles from the Old Testament
and New Testament, substituting Allah for the Jewish God. Before Islam, Allah
was the deity worshipped by pagan Arabs. Allah had three daughters: Al-Lat,
Al-Uzza, and Al-Manat. Therefore, Allah is not the God of the Bible who performed
miracles.
Notably, the author of the Quran did not demonstrate
any miracles, a fact that the Quran itself acknowledges. Here are some
pertinent verses:
“They swear by Allah, with their most solemn oaths,
that if a miracle were to come to them, they would believe in it. Say, “The
miracles are only with Allah.” But how do you know? Even if it did come, they
still would not believe.” – Quran 6:109.
“And they say, ‘If only a miracle was sent down to
him from his Lord.” Say, ‘The realm of the unseen belongs to Allah; so wait, I
am waiting with you.’“ – Quran 10:20.
“Those who disbelieve say, “Why was a miracle not sent
down to him from his Lord?” You are only a warner, and to every community is a
guide.” – Quran 13:7. Also see Quran 2:118, Quran 2:145, Quran 6:37.
The prophet of the Quran acknowledges the existence
of hierarchies among the prophets/messengers. Quran
2:253 states, “These messengers: ‘We gave some advantage over others. To
some of them Allah spoke directly, and some He raised in rank. We gave Jesus
son of Mary the clear miracles,…. ‘“. This passage implies that prophets who
manifest miracles hold a higher status compared to those who do not.
The prophet of the Quran claims his only function
was to warn people, not to perform miracles.
“And they said, ‘If only a miracle from his Lord was
sent down to him.’ Say, ‘Miracles are only with Allah, and I am only a clear
warner.’“ – Quran 29:50. (Also See Quran 7:188, Quran 11:12, Quran 13:7,
Quran 29:50, Quran 22:49, Quran 38:65, Quran 67:26)
While certain Muslim apologists reference Sura 54:1
to assert that the prophet of Islam performed miracles, consensus among Muslim
scholars is lacking. Interpretations of this verse diverge, with many scholars
seeing it as depicting an eclipse. When you have different interpretations
among Muslim scholars regarding a specific verse, it points to the problem of
interpretation, which implies that a false interpretation cannot be from God.
If a concept or statement was received as a revelation from God by a prophet or
holy man and has been interpreted in various ways by scholars, then either only
one of the interpretations is true and from God, or all of them are false and
not from God.
Muslims are relying solely on biased interpretations
from their scholars, neglecting to seek the true meaning directly from God or
through unbiased, non-Muslim holy individuals who are connected to God and can
verify it firsthand.
The evidence collected by Muslim scholars has been
interpreted differently by equally qualified non-Muslim scholars. Therefore,
you cannot rely solely on the biased interpretations of your scholars. When
conflicting interpretations arise and if they are all false, it undermines the
claim that the text is the word of God.
When scrutinizing a verse in the Quran and assessing
the diverse translations and interpretations offered by scholars, one often
encounters discrepancies and contradictions. Yet, Muslims favor explanations
provided by their biased scholars. This does not faithfully represent the word
of God; rather, it reflects the interpretations of fallible human scholars, who
are neither prophets (holy men) nor possess comprehensive understanding of
reality.
When Muslims interpret the Quran and the Hadiths
with bias, as opposed to an objective interpretation by unbiased scholars,
several logical fallacies may come into play. Here are some relevant fallacies:
Confirmation Bias (flawed reasoning), Appeal to Authority (Argumentum ad
Verecundiam), Cherry Picking, Groupthink, Appeal to Emotion (Argumentum ad
Passiones), Bandwagon Fallacy (Argumentum ad Populum), Straw Man Fallacy, and
False Consensus Effect.
Intellectual scholars rely solely on their logical
faculties, unlike true spiritual individuals who have additional means on the
true path to merging with God. We strive for clarity beyond the influence of
biased interpretations by Muslim scholars. For example, in exploring the verse
'Allah is closer than the jugular vein,' I turn to direct divine revelation,
prioritizing unfiltered understanding straight from the source.
Let me use the verse "Allah is closer than the
jugular vein" (Surah Qaf 50:16) to illustrate the issue of interpretation
in Islam. Words are symbols, like Egyptian hieroglyphs. It’s the meaning that
the author tries to convey that counts. In the Quran, the original Quranic
script, known as the 'Uthmani script' after Caliph Uthman ibn Affan, did not
include diacritical marks or dots. These marks and dots were added to the
Arabic script centuries later, after the death of the Prophet. The placement or
absence of these marks and dots can impact the meaning of Arabic words.
Therefore, the words of Allah have already been altered, and Muslims cannot use
the verses in the Quran to argue anything definitively.
Let's assume these were the words of the Prophet.
They can only be interpreted in one way: that Allah is right inside your body.
This poses a significant issue for Islam because Allah is supposed to physically
come to Earth and reveal His shin, and He is also described as having a throne.
See Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 9, Book 93, Hadith 532, and Sahih al-Bukhari,
Volume 9, Book 93, Hadith 529. (I am using these verses from the Hadith to
illustrate what Muslims believe, not to imply that the Hadith are the words of
the same individual who authored the Quran.)
As per the Quran, Allah will gather, separate,
judge, and then send some to Hell and others to Heaven, followed by the
miraculous resurrection. All these concepts lose their meaning if Allah is
already inside your body or if we interpret Him as omnipresent. Muslims
apologists oppose this interpretation because the notion of an omnipresent God
aligns with Hinduism, not Islam. Do you see the problem?
For someone truly connected to God, God’s
omnipresence is undeniable. Any other possibility would lead to numerous
unresolved issues. God must be omnipresent to be truly God. To me, this is a
direct revelation from God confirming God’s omnipresence. Other interpretations,
in contrast, are merely the speculations of ignorant men and do not represent
the authentic Word of God.
The logical fallacies often employed by Muslim
apologists to justify Islam can just as readily be turned towards scrutinizing
the authors of the Quran and the Hadith, potentially undermining the
credibility of Islam. Among these fallacies are: Bare Assertion Fallacy, Appeal
to Authority (Argumentum ad Verecundiam), Appeal to Tradition (Argumentum ad
Antiquitatem), Appeal to Ignorance (Argumentum ad Ignorantiam), False Dichotomy
(False Dilemma), and Ad Hominem attacks.
"The
Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two]." (Sahih
International)
"The
Hour (of Judgment) is nigh, and the moon is cleft asunder." (Yusuf Ali)
Surah
Al-A'raf (7:187) clearly states that the knowledge of the Hour's timing is
exclusively with Allah. Similarly, Matthew 24:36 states, 'But about that day or
hour no one knows, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the
Father.' Therefore, Surah Al-Qamar (54:1) should be interpreted as Allah saying
the Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two].
Assuming
for a moment that this is precisely what the Prophet stated, there are a couple
of concerns. First, it does not specify that the Prophet performed this
miracle. Second, there's a persistent lack of context throughout the Quran,
including in this verse. In contrast, the Gospels provide contextual details
for the miracles attributed to Jesus. Moreover, the Quran lacks chronological
organization, often leaving its verses open to various subjective
interpretations. Muslim scholars, fully aware of this, have deliberately
interpreted these verses in ways that defend Islam rather than rigorously
pursuing truth.
When
one is honest with themselves and seeks true interpretation through logic, only
two unbiased interpretations become apparent, remembering that the Quran is to
be interpreted literally rather than metaphorically. According
to one interpretation, 1400 years ago marked the commencement of the Day of
Judgment (the last days) when the moon split into two. If we
are still in the prophesied final days, then the moon should remain split.
However, this is not the case; therefore, it never happened and is a lie.
The
second interpretation suggests that 1400 years ago, the Day of Judgment began
with the moon splitting into two and later reuniting at the end of this period
known as the last days. However, the Quran does not mention this, so we cannot
make such an assumption. Furthermore, there are no eyewitness accounts of these
events. If such a miraculous event had occurred, there should have been
millions of witnesses worldwide to the moon splitting and reuniting. Since
there are none, it never happened and a lie.
There
are many other issues with Sura 54:1, but I won't delve into those details now.
This is enough to prove that it never happened.
To
conceal the mistakes in the Quran, Muslim apologists often turn to Hadith.
However, this tactic frequently backfires on them, as it requires defending all
aspects of the Hadith, including issues such as the Aisha narrative and
numerous verses that are embarrassing.
The
truth is, the author of the Quran is not the same individual as the authors of
the Hadiths. The
Hadiths were fabrications penned by ordinary men. The Hadiths were based on
legend and hearsay, compiled 200-300 years after the author of the Quran had
passed away. This includes works like Sahih Bukhari by Muhammad al-Bukhari (d.
870 A.D. / 256 AH) and Sunan Ibn Majah by Ibn Majah (d. 887 A.D. / 273 AH), for
instance. These texts are littered with fabrications. It's noteworthy that even
Bukhari himself rejected a staggering 99% (592,725)
of the Hadith he came across, underscoring the extent of corruption that has
seeped into Islamic tradition.
The
Hadiths, written 200-300 years later to align with the Quran, share a
similarity with the New Testament, which was crafted to harmonize with the Old
Testament by the Romans. However, during that era, meticulous care wasn't
taken, resulting in errors that exposed the truth. The Hadiths
are essentially fabrications concocted by laymen centuries after the prophet's
passing.
The
rejection of 99% of the Hadiths by Bukhari presents a compelling case against
the authenticity of the teachings attributed to the prophet. This rejection
highlights a glaring inconsistency within the tradition, revealing a pervasive
level of corruption and manipulation. Such a staggering dismissal of the
majority of Hadiths suggests that either they have
been heavily tampered with over time or the invention of stories by ordinary
men, falsely attributing them to the prophet. The wholesale rejection of the
majority casts a shadow of doubt over the entire tradition.
Furthermore,
the rejection of such a large proportion of the Hadiths suggests potential
cherry-picking or confirmation bias on the part of Bukhari. By accepting only a
tiny fraction of the material, he may have been predisposed to favor certain Hadiths
that aligned with his own beliefs or agenda while disregarding others that
challenged or contradicted them. This bias undermines the objectivity and
impartiality of his evaluation, further diminishing the credibility of the
accepted teachings.
Now,
let's examine the verses in the Hadith relating to Quran verse 54:1:
Narrated
Anas bin Malik:
"The people of Mecca asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
to show them a miracle, so he showed them the moon split in two halves between
which they saw the Hira' mountain." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Vol. 4, Book 56,
Hadith 830)
Narrated
Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: "While we were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) at Mina, the moon was split into
two parts. One part was behind the mountain and the other one was on this side
of the mountain. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to us: 'Bear witness to
this.'" (Jami` at-Tirmidhi, Vol. 5, Book 44, Hadith 3283)
Narrated
by Abdullah bin Masud: "During the lifetime of the Prophet, the moon was
split into two parts and on that, the Prophet said, 'Bear witness (to
this).'" (Sahih Bukhari, Volume 5, Book 58, Hadith 208.)"
If
we juxtapose these verses with Quran verse 54:1,
several discrepancies become apparent. The first hadith portrays it as a
miracle attributed to the prophet, a notion conflicting with the Quranic verse
where he consistently disavowed such capabilities, asserting, 'We withhold
these signs only because the people of earlier times rejected them as false'
(Quran 17:59). (Also see Quran 6:109, Quran 10:20, Quran 13:7.)
In
contrast, the second and third hadiths depict it as a natural event in the sky,
like an asteroid impact, in harmony with the essence of the Quranic verse 54:1.
According
to the third hadith, the moon was split into two parts during the lifetime of
the Prophet. Such a significant event spanning decades should
have been witnessed by millions of people around the world and thousands of
astronomers actively observing the sky. Yet, no one reported it, which suggests
it never happened.
The
Quran verse 54:1 states, "The Hour (of Judgment) is nigh, and the moon has
been split into two." This verse describes a cosmic event where the moon
is split into two parts as a sign of the approaching Day of Judgment,
signifying a major cosmic phenomenon that heralds the end times.
In
contrast, a Hadith narrates, "The people of Mecca asked Allah's Messenger
(ﷺ) to show them a miracle, so he
showed them the moon split into two halves between which they saw the Hira'
mountain." This Hadith recounts a specific incident where the prophet
responded to a request for a miracle by showing the people of Mecca the moon
split into two halves, with the Hira' mountain visible between them. This event
is distinct from the cosmic event mentioned in Quran verse 54:1. It is a
localized miracle supposedly performed
by the prophet to demonstrate his supernatural abilities, rather than a cosmic
sign of the Day of Judgment.
Both
verses mention the splitting of the moon but describe different events. The
first verse refers to a cosmic event, like an asteroid impact, signaling
the Day of Judgment, while the second verse narrates a specific miracle
performed by the prophet in response to a request from the people of Mecca.
These two events are unrelated.
If
the author of the Hadith intended the first Hadith verse to serve as an explanation
or interpretation of Quran verse 54:1, suggesting that the splitting of the
moon described in the Hadith correlates with the cosmic event mentioned in
Quran verse 54:1, this interpretation is fundamentally flawed. The two
statements refer to entirely different occurrences, and conflating them as if
one elucidates the other is a misinterpretation. Each statement must be
understood within its own context and not conflated. I am not implying that
both of these events actually took place. Instead, it is an error made by the
author of the Hadith, in an effort to provide some explanation and context for
Quran verse 54:1.
This
misinterpretation represents a logical fallacy known as a false analogy or
false equivalence. This fallacy arises when two distinct situations are
compared or equated, suggesting a similarity or relationship that does not
exist. In this scenario, attempting to interpret the Hadith as an explanation
of the Quranic verse creates an erroneous connection between two unrelated
events.
During
the period from 570 to 632 CE, several historians made significant
contributions to recording and analyzing historical events, particularly in
regions such as the Byzantine Empire, the Arabian Peninsula, Persia, India, and
China. Notable historians from that time include Procopius of Caesarea (c.
500–c. 565 CE), Agathias (c. 532–c. 582 CE), Jordanes (6th century CE), Bede
(673–735 CE), and Simā al-Azdī (died c. 653 CE).
Between
550 and 650 AD, several hundred to a few thousand individuals worldwide could
be considered astronomers or were actively engaged in astronomical observation,
research, or teaching. Notable astronomers of that time, such as Severus
Sebokht, Brahmagupta, and Anania Shirakatsi, were keen observers of the
heavens, documenting various celestial phenomena, including lunar and solar
eclipses, as well as the positions of stars and planets.
If
the moon had split into two, they would have noticed and recorded it in their
writings. Such an event would have been visible to the naked eye and witnessed
by millions of people.
Here
are some key astronomical observations and advancements made from that period:
Severus
Sebokht:
Astrolabe:
Severus Sebokht wrote about the astrolabe, an ancient instrument used for
solving problems related to time and the position of the stars. His work
included descriptions of how to use the astrolabe for astronomical
measurements.
Star
Catalogs: He contributed to the compilation and preservation of star catalogs,
which were essential for tracking the movements of celestial bodies.
Brahmagupta:
Planetary
Positions: In his work "Brahmasphutasiddhanta," Brahmagupta provided
methods for calculating the positions and movements of planets. He developed
formulas to predict planetary conjunctions and oppositions.
Eclipses:
Brahmagupta described the causes of lunar and solar eclipses and provided rules
for predicting them. He understood that lunar eclipses occur when the Moon
enters the Earth's shadow and solar eclipses when the Moon passes between the
Earth and the Sun.
Spherical
Earth: He asserted that the Earth is spherical and provided a method for
calculating the circumference of the Earth.
Anania
Shirakatsi:
Cosmology:
In his work "Cosmology" (Ashkharhatsuyts), Anania Shirakatsi
described the structure of the heavens and the Earth, providing insights into
the known world and its celestial phenomena.
Calendar
System: Shirakatsi made significant contributions to the development of the
Armenian calendar, improving the accuracy of timekeeping and the prediction of
astronomical events.
Other
Islamic World Contributions:
Star
Maps and Catalogs: Astronomers in the early Islamic world began to compile
detailed star maps and catalogs.
These
observations and advancements laid the foundation for future astronomical
research. The meticulous recording of celestial events and the development of
mathematical methods to predict them were key achievements of this era.
The
absence of any record of a comic event such as the splitting of the moon
suggests that it never occurred.
Muslim
apologists often assert the existence of a chain of narration for these Hadiths.
However, this assertion lacks substantiation. It is commonly believed that the
transmission of Hadiths relies on chains of narrators (isnad) spanning multiple
generations, from the time of the prophet to the supposed compilers of Hadith
collections. Given the two-century gap and an average of 30 years per
generation, we can infer approximately 7 generations between Anas bin Malik and
Imam Bukhari in the chain of narration for this Hadith. Seven generations
constitute a significant time span. Consequently, one would anticipate the
existence of numerous documents authored by these narrators within the chain,
facilitating the transmission of the Hadith to subsequent generations. However,
such documentation is notably absent. For instance, if we examine a Hadith
narrated by Anas bin Malik, a companion of the Prophet (assuming this for the
sake of discussion), its chain of narration should include the names of the
narrators along with accompanying documents that transmitted it from Anas bin
Malik to Imam Bukhari. Unfortunately, such documents do not exist. The direct
chain of narration (isnad) for the specific Hadith about the splitting of the
moon from Anas bin Malik to Imam Bukhari is not available.
If
the Hadith were compiled by individuals such as Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim,
and others, rather than being personally written by them, there should indeed
be documents or collections in the form of written manuscripts or scrolls. Yet,
there is nothing. This absence of evidence serves as some indication that they
were personally written down by individuals like Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih
Muslim, rather than being compiled by them.
Instead,
we have claims of chains of narration for certain hadiths by individuals who
lived 200-300 years after the Prophet's death. Using this as evidence for all the
hadiths constitutes a logical fallacy. Explicit evidence for each link in the
chain of narration is lacking for the vast majority of hadiths. For example,
the Hadith on the moon splitting does not indicate that Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab
specifically heard it from Abu Huraira, as the chains for individual hadiths
not detailed in available sources. Without specific documentation proving that
Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab heard this particular hadith directly from Abu Huraira,
it cannot be considered reliable evidence. There is no proof that he
transmitted this hadith specifically from Abu Huraira.
Instead of placing trust solely in the words of the prophet
himself, Muslims rely on the accounts of individuals who lived 200-300 years
after his death. These individuals claim that the collective efforts of
generations of scholars diligently transmitted, preserved, and authenticated
the prophet 's teachings. This belief primarily stems from the assertions of Hadith authors like Bukhari,
who hailed from present-day Uzbekistan, a significant 3,500 kilometers away
from the prophet's birthplace in Saudi Arabia.
According to modern Muslim scholars, individuals
such as Bukhari meticulously scrutinized each narrator's integrity,
reliability, and memory, while also cross-referencing with other sources to
verify the authenticity of the transmitted material. Out
of the purported 598,712 hadith, a staggering 99% were rejected. This seemingly
insurmountable task raises doubts about its feasibility, suggesting that the
process may not have occurred as claimed. Concrete evidence for the
transmission of each individual hadith from one specific narrator to another is
notably absent in reality.
Let's entertain the idea that figures like Sahih
al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim rigorously verified the authenticity of the Hadith
they encountered from preceding generations. Nonetheless, it's improbable that
they could have personally authenticated Hadith spanning back six generations,
as the individuals who possessed such knowledge would likely have already
passed away.
Let's explore a hypothetical scenario where Sahih al-Bukhari directly interacts with narrators from earlier
generations to verify a Hadith. In this scenario, Bukhari would simply be
relying on the claims of the narrators he engages with. It’s impossible to
determine whether the narrators are telling the truth. After all, Sahih
al-Bukhari and others were laymen, not prophets or enlightened holy men. He
didn't fit the mold of a scholar as we envision scholars today, nor did he
attend a formal university in the modern sense, given that such institutions,
as we know them today, didn't exist during his time.
During this period, many individuals asserted their
interpretations as definitive statements from the prophet, aiming to enhance
their own standing in the growing Islamic community. Consequently, such claims
lack substantive evidence.
The information about the preservation and
transmission of hadiths comes from the writings of Hadith authors like Imam
Bukhari and others who lived 200-300 years later. The absence of
contemporaneous written documents casts doubt on the reliability of hadith
literature. For example, biographical literature detailing the compilation,
preservation, and authentication processes of hadiths from the early Islamic
period, particularly within the first 200 years after the prophet's death, does
not exist in the form of documents or treatises.
What we possess presently are the Quran and the
Hadith. There isn't any additional evidence to gather; rather, it's about
interpreting them. Interpretations by Muslim scholars frequently prioritize
defending Islam over impartial truth-seeking, resulting in convoluted
reasoning. Biased scholars naturally steer clear of openly
disagreeing with one another to protect their positions, fearing potential
repercussions. However, non-Muslim scholars hold divergent views and have
accused Muslim scholars of deceiving humanity. In a revealing interview, Yasir
Qadhi, a Muslim scholar, openly acknowledges that the standard narrative has
holes in it and should not be discussed publicly, essentially implying a
concealment of truth from the Muslim community.
The truth is, the men who wrote the Hadith were
ignorant. This is why some Hadiths are contradictory, both with each other and
with the Quran, prompting modern Muslim scholars to dismiss many as 'weak hadith.' In the hadith literature, there isn't a
specific saying of the Prophet that uses the term 'weak hadith' in the exact
manner it's employed by scholars today. The classification of hadith into
categories such as authentic, good, weak, and fabricated is a product of modern
Islamic scholarship. The process of determining the strength or weakness of a
hadith involves a combination of historical research, textual analysis, and
expert judgment. However, different scholars may arrive at different
conclusions based on their methodologies and interpretations. Besides Jami'
at-Tirmidhi, known for its mix of authentic and weak hadiths, several other
collections also contain varying degrees of weak narrations. Examples include
Sunan Ibn Majah, Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Sunan ad-Darimi, Musannaf of Abd
al-Razzaq, and Al-Muwatta' of Imam Malik. Together, these compilations
encompass around 50,000 hadiths. When modern Muslim scholars reject a Hadith in
these collections as 'weak,' they are essentially rejecting the methodology
behind the entire collection. The reason they refrain from rejecting the Hadith
in collections like Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim is due to the
implications; such rejection would invite ridicule, potentially undermining the
credibility of the entire corpus of Hadith, suggesting they were fabricated by
individuals 200-300 years after the death of the prophet.
If a leader of a religious cult writes a book with
unsubstantiated claims that remain unfulfilled for 1400 years, several logical
fallacies might apply to both the leader and the followers who consider the
book the word of God. Applying this to Islam, the concept of the 'last days'
was borrowed from a failed 1st-century prophecy in the Christian Bible
(Gospels) and has remained unfulfilled for 2000 years. Consequently, several
logical fallacies apply to the author of the Quran and Muslims who consider the
Quran the word of God. These fallacies include Appeal
to Authority (Argumentum ad Verecundiam), Appeal to Tradition (Argumentum ad
Antiquitatem), Appeal to Faith (not typically classified as a formal logical
fallacy but a type of epistemological stance that bypasses empirical
validation), False Prophecy or Failed Prophecy, Confirmation Bias, Post Hoc
Rationalization, and Circular Reasoning (Begging the Question).
If Muslim apologists and fundamentalists claim there
is a chain of narration for the 200-year gap when there isn't, and instead, we
have individuals asserting that such a chain exists 200-300 years later without
evidence, several logical fallacies might be at play. These include: Appeal to
Tradition (Argumentum ad Antiquitatem), Appeal to Authority (Argumentum ad
Verecundiam), Appeal to Ignorance (Argumentum ad Ignorantiam), Bare Assertion
Fallacy, Hasty Generalization, False Appeal to Common Practice (Argumentum ad
Consuetudinem), Genetic Fallacy, and Circular Reasoning (Petitio Principii).
If an omnipotent God, as conceived in Islam, is
found to be unable to clearly express fundamental concepts, it not only prompts
inquiries into the coherence of the concept of omnipotence itself but also
raises profound questions about the nature of divine communication. The
expectation that an omnipotent being would communicate clearly and
unambiguously is deeply rooted in the theological understanding of divine
attributes. Therefore, when ambiguity persists despite this expectation, it not
only challenges the notion of divine omnipotence but also invites scrutiny into
the very nature of the divine-human relationship and the mechanisms through
which divine messages are conveyed. In essence, the existence of ambiguity in
divine communication disrupts the foundational assumption of omnipotence,
casting doubt on the very essence of the divine.
The fallacy of the Muslim apologist's stance on the
Hadith's chain of narration is vividly illuminated through a contemporary
analogy. Picture a modern-day author crafting a book filled with fabricated anecdotes,
presenting it akin to Hadiths. To bolster its authenticity, the author
meticulously fabricates a lineage of transmission, alleging its transmission
through generations. In this hypothetical scenario, the deceptive process
elucidates the vulnerability of relying solely on the 'claimed' chain of
narration to authenticate religious texts. Here's how such a scenario might
unfold:
Title: "The Hidden Origins of the Quran"
by Dr. Alex Johnson
Description:
Dr. Alex Johnson, a contemporary historian, writes a
book titled "The Hidden Origins of the Quran," in which he claims to
have compiled his work using ancient documents that purportedly exist from
previous eras. He asserts that these documents reveal a chain of narration
stretching back 1400 years, alleging that the Quran was actually fabricated by
an Arabic poet. Dr. Johnson states that this information comes from a Gnostic Christian
individual who referred to himself as Angel Gabriel and claimed to have taught
the poet. According to Dr. Johnson, this Christian taught a select few, and
this chain of narration has been preserved and continued until today. However,
he provides no concrete evidence to support these claims.
Example Claim:
"In this groundbreaking book, I uncover the
true origins of the Quran, based on ancient documents preserved through a
secret chain of narration spanning 1400 years. According to these documents,
the Quran was parroted by an Arabic poet under the influence of a Gnostic Christian who called himself Angel Gabriel. This
Christian, who was part of a Gnostic Christian group, claimed to have taught
the poet the contents of what would become the Quran. This
knowledge was then passed down through a select group of individuals,
maintaining an unbroken chain of narration up to the present day."
This scenario illustrates how various logical
fallacies can undermine the credibility of claims that lack evidence. To reject
the claim made by Dr. Alex Johnson, one must also dismiss the assertion put
forth by the authors of the Hadith, who lived 200-300 years after the prophet's
demise.
In order to conceal the possibility that the author
of the Quran simply parroted what he heard or was taught by others, Muslim
scholars concocted various ideas, including the assertion that both the New
Testament Bible and Jewish scriptures were corrupted, despite there being no
evidence whatsoever. The presence of scribal errors and a few additional verses
in the New Testament doesn't necessarily imply fundamental doctrinal
differences or serve as validation for the existence of an Injil aligning with
Quranic teachings.
Neither the Torah nor the New Testament Bible is
corrupted in the manner portrayed by some Muslim apologists. There is no
evidence to support such assertions, which are often made to justify the Quran.
This scenario is analogous to the notion of a new prophet emerging, akin to
Joseph, whom Mormons recognize as their prophet. Would they then accept the
Quran as corrupted if it were similarly challenged?
Muslim apologists often assert that the Quran
supersedes the previous scriptures of Christianity and Islam, rectifying errors
and introducing novel teachings absent in both. Yet, some of the most crucial
teachings from the Bible are notably absent in the Quran, including: the notion
of 'God created man in his own image (if interpreted correctly),' the principle
of 'You reap what you sow' (the concept of karma), the commandment to 'Love one
another,' the virtue of 'Forgiveness,' the concept of 'I and God are one,' and
the acknowledgment and promotion of miracles, as exemplified by Jesus and his
encouragement for others to perform them.
When a Muslim apologist fails their challenge, they
often resort to more mental gymnastics, pissing contest, and finally playing
the 'you cannot speak Arabic' card. There is absolutely no need to learn Arabic
to read the Quran; professional translations serve that purpose effectively. Insisting
otherwise implies that if one were to learn Arabic, they might translate the
Quran better than expert Muslim translators, potentially casting doubt on the
credibility of arguments presented in English by Muslims. If Arabic is
considered essential for understanding the Quran, a comparable case can be made
for the New Testament Bible, demanding proficiency in Greek, and the Old
Testament, grounded in Hebrew. Additionally, understanding Hindu scriptures
necessitates familiarity with Sanskrit. It's worth noting that many Muslim
apologists who advocate this position often lack proficiency in these
languages, yet they readily criticize doctrines of other faiths. Arabic-speaking
Christian apologists present arguments against Islam that are identical to those
presented by non-Arabic-speaking Christian apologists. This highlights that
proficiency in Arabic is not a prerequisite.
Not only did he not perform any miracles, but he also
did not introduce any new teachings (except for a few verses— even these verses
were the beliefs of some Gnostic Christian groups), a fact that the Quran
itself acknowledges. Quran 41:43 states, 'Nothing is said to you but was said
to the Messengers before you.' The author of the Quran explicitly states that
he is only a plain warner (Quran 29:50). Basically, he was nothing more than a
poet. The concepts of hell, heaven, the last days, judgment, resurrection, and
salvation, as described in the Bible and Quran, are essentially identical.
Therefore, he didn’t introduce anything new. I agree with many of the
statements made in the Quran, such as the belief in one God, the rejection of
the Trinity, and the denial of Jesus as the son of God. However, these
doctrines were part of Judaism and Gnostic Christianity during that time. I
support the verses Quran 3:80, Quran 3:84, Quran 6:42, Quran 40:78, Quran
4:164, Quran 4:157, Quran 4:171, Quran 5:72, Quran 5:75, Quran 9:31, Quran
5:116, and Quran 19:88-92. However, all of these could fit on one page. The
rest was simply borrowed from the Mishnah, New Testament Apocrypha, and the
Talmud and expressed them poetically. Many who have read both the Bible and the
Quran often claim they are nearly identical except for a few verses. The sole
distinction lies in their poetic expression, which suggests that the author of
the Quran is a poet.
There is no truth in Islam or Christianity except
for a few verses. They are false religions that are harming humanity. By
defending falsehoods and attempting to validate them through mental gymnastics,
Muslim apologists are essentially doing the work of the devil. Their actions
divert people from understanding the true concept of God and how to establish a
connection with the divine during one’s lifetime. The concept of salvation as
described in the Bible or the Quran doesn’t exist in reality.
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